Eighteen

Abin da
Babban su binciko a rai da conceptions na Rilke ne, bayan da Florenzer Tagebuch (1898, Florentine diary, da littattafan Yadda kika bi L. Andreas-salomé da Ziyara H.sunan R. von Salis. 

Introvert da ne na Allahnku kullayaumin nufin Ubanku har abada, amma da fahimtar ma'anar a lashe illustrious tsaro da liyãfa incalculable mai yawan wasik'u (7 volumes da tsakanin gabaninku Gid'e da Verhaeren, Rilke ya da nagarin ikon sa Yana kiwon garkensa mawallafan kundin sakamakon mafi wakili na biyu da na baya ga da translations daga E. Browning, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Gid'e Valéry kuma wadanchan recepì literary k'asaita (Klopstock Hölderlin, philosophical da Kierkegaard zuwa Nietzsche) figurative (daga rodin zuwa Cézanne. Ga mai Yana kiwon garkensa vocation da matrix addini, Rilke ga da waka ba, da ba, sai dai alamar da za a yi wani abu uwarta. Da farko dai babbar gudunmawa lyrics na lokacin juvenile Leben und Lieder (1894, da kuma wak'ok'in bi Stundenbuch (1899-1903, Littafi na kwana daya, bayan da Buch der Bilder (1898-1906, hoto littafi ne publishes Neue Gedichte (1907-08, sabon poems da novel Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910, Notebooks na Malte Laurids Brigge, abin da kuka ji tunkuye su samu daga sabo da Rodin wajen aiki cikin ayyukansu duka suka tsananta musu k'warai da hak'uri. A cikin wannan Yana kiwon garkensa conception recognizable su taru a kai a kai da fuzzy laushi da sentimental da shahararrun ballad a prose (3) kuma Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke (1899-1906, romance k'aunar da mutuwar Bishop Christopher Rilke da kusa da Rilke wani phenomenological Muhimman jigogin. Kashegari aikin safiyon ganin wani accentuation na opera a birane gaban mutuwa da rai. Daga lokacin nan ne Duineser Elegien (elegies na Duino, fara Duino a 1912, an kammala a Muzot a 1922, da Sonette wani Orpheus (sonnets na Orpheus, gidaje da k'irin a 1922, tsawon poems walk'iyoyi bayanin abubuwa da siffofin nagarin lyricism. Bayan da 1923 Rilke hurta kusan duk da poems a Faransanci da suka taru a Vergers (1926, Verzieri. Da lyrical Rilke, pregna da darajar aukaka da rai da yake yi biki a baiwa sosai a kashe shi, yana bisa zarginsa da waka ba da ashirin k'arni na 12, ko da ya ke k'wararan ayyukan al'adu na Turai ke aikata wani wuri, a makaranta neopositivistica psychoanalytical da Vienna da Berlin, ko ma a Dublin. Bayan Yak'in Duniya Na Biyu ya yi tunani da wasu ya zama "Heidegger Yana kiwon garkensa", amma da hukumomin an kambinsa yadda metaphysics, "prefascista", ko da yake da harshen da aka kai daga mawakan daban-daban, da Fr. Celan. Sa'an nan kuma Ubangjinsa da darasi na Rilke aka tara da artists da adar wasu k'abilun daban-daban, da Amirka sunan R. Jarrel da czech) Holan da aka yi k'ok'arin da fassarar Rilke a husserliana mabud'i. Game da novel Malte Laurids Brigge, ya gane mai daraja a' " da ashirin k'arni na 12, wanda ya karye da kissoshin epic da xix k'arni na 12, da lokacin dad'ewarsu, wucewa a diary da assay, umurci batun, da alienation.
Matasa
Abin da
Babban su binciko a rai da conceptions na Rilke ne, bayan da Florenzer Tagebuch (1898, Florentine diary, da littattafan Yadda kika bi L. Andreas-salomé da Ziyara H.sunan R. von Salis. Introvert da ne na Allahnku kullayaumin nufin Ubanku har abada, amma da fahimtar ma'anar a lashe illustrious tsaro da liyãfa incalculable mai yawan wasik'u (7 volumes da tsakanin gabaninku Gid'e da Verhaeren, Rilke ya da nagarin ikon sa Yana kiwon garkensa mawallafan kundin sakamakon mafi wakili na biyu da na baya ga da translations daga E. Browning, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Gid'e Valéry kuma wadanchan recepì literary k'asaita (Klopstock Hölderlin, philosophical da Kierkegaard zuwa Nietzsche) figurative (daga rodin zuwa Cézanne. Ga mai Yana kiwon garkensa vocation da matrix addini, Rilke ga da waka ba, da ba, sai dai alamar da za a yi wani abu uwarta. Da farko dai babbar gudunmawa lyrics na lokacin juvenile Leben und Lieder (1894, da kuma wak'ok'in bi Stundenbuch (1899-1903, Littafi na kwana daya, bayan da Buch der Bilder (1898-1906, hoto littafi ne publishes Neue Gedichte (1907-08, sabon poems da novel Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910, Notebooks na Malte Laurids Brigge, abin da kuka ji tunkuye su samu daga sabo da Rodin wajen aiki cikin ayyukansu duka suka tsananta musu k'warai da hak'uri. A cikin wannan Yana kiwon garkensa conception recognizable su taru a kai a kai da fuzzy laushi da sentimental da shahararrun ballad a prose (3) kuma Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke (1899-1906, romance k'aunar da mutuwar Bishop Christopher Rilke da kusa da Rilke wani phenomenological Muhimman jigogin. Kashegari aikin safiyon ganin wani accentuation na opera a birane gaban mutuwa da rai. Daga lokacin nan ne Duineser Elegien (elegies na Duino, fara Duino a 1912, an kammala a Muzot a 1922, da Sonette wani Orpheus (sonnets na Orpheus, gidaje da k'irin a 1922, tsawon poems walk'iyoyi bayanin abubuwa da siffofin nagarin lyricism. Bayan da 1923 Rilke hurta kusan duk da poems a Faransanci da suka taru a Vergers (1926, Verzieri. Da lyrical Rilke, pregna da darajar aukaka da rai da yake yi biki a baiwa sosai a kashe shi, yana bisa zarginsa da waka ba da ashirin k'arni na 12, ko da ya ke k'wararan ayyukan al'adu na Turai ke aikata wani wuri, a makaranta neopositivistica psychoanalytical da Vienna da Berlin, ko ma a Dublin. Bayan Yak'in Duniya Na Biyu ya yi tunani da wasu ya zama "Heidegger Yana kiwon garkensa", amma da hukumomin an kambinsa yadda metaphysics, "prefascista", ko da yake da harshen da aka kai daga mawakan daban-daban, da Fr. Celan. Sa'an nan kuma Ubangjinsa da darasi na Rilke aka tara da artists da adar wasu k'abilun daban-daban, da Amirka sunan R. Jarrel da czech) Holan da aka yi k'ok'arin da fassarar Rilke a husserliana mabud'i. Game da novel Malte Laurids Brigge, ya gane mai daraja a' " da ashirin k'arni na 12, wanda ya karye da kissoshin epic da xix k'arni na 12, da lokacin dad'ewarsu, wucewa a diary da assay, umurci batun, da alienation.
Matasa
Faransanci mawãk'i Charleville (1854 da 1891 Marseille. D'an wani shugaba na infantry suka tashi da sassafe a gida da na d'an 'ya'ya biyar, Jean-Arthur Rimbaud yana da ilimi da mahaifiyarta a rigorismo Borghese wanda bai sha tarin yawa a solitude, bijare muku kashedi, inda ka ga channelized. Yana ta karatu a makaranta da birnin, nan da nan sai ya ga precocity da masu hankali da predisposition zuwa verseggiare. Da saurayin furofesa Georges Izambard, malaminsa, abokina, Rimbaud rubuta poems uku da ba tukuna, an wallafa. Admirer da aka Hugo motsin rausayawar rassan masu halin mutuntaka simbolisti Izambard wanda ya sanar da karatu da k'auna. Rimbaud ne, ba shakka d'aya daga cikin mawallafan kundin sakamakon da mai anticipated na zamani ruhun gardama. Ruhu hanuwa, reacted zuwa yak'i da 1870 da Prussia da fad'i ta daular da empito da tayar da k'iyayya da hannu da shuni k'ungiya. Ruga zuwa Paris (biyu evasion farko, wato, don ya zauna a k'asar Belgium suka gama da ba a raba fraternal'alilan da wardens na garin. Amma ba za ta kula da ya yi tare da su. Lalle ne sympathised da yak'i, sa'an nan kuma ya je Charleville. Daga nan 15, 1871 ya rubuta wa abokinsa Démeny La Lettre du voyant (wasik'a mai gani.

Abin da
Babban su binciko a rai da conceptions na Rilke ne, bayan da Florenzer Tagebuch (1898, Florentine diary, da littattafan Yadda kika bi L. Andreas-salomé da Ziyara H.sunan R. von Salis. Introvert da ne na Allahnku kullayaumin nufin Ubanku har abada, amma da fahimtar ma'anar a lashe illustrious tsaro da liyãfa incalculable mai yawan wasik'u (7 volumes da tsakanin gabaninku Gid'e da Verhaeren, Rilke ya da nagarin ikon sa Yana kiwon garkensa mawallafan kundin sakamakon mafi wakili na biyu da na baya ga da translations daga E. Browning, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Gid'e Valéry kuma wadanchan recepì literary k'asaita (Klopstock Hölderlin, philosophical da Kierkegaard zuwa Nietzsche) figurative (daga rodin zuwa Cézanne. Ga mai Yana kiwon garkensa vocation da matrix addini, Rilke ga da waka ba, da ba, sai dai alamar da za a yi wani abu uwarta. Da farko dai babbar gudunmawa lyrics na lokacin juvenile Leben und Lieder (1894, da kuma wak'ok'in bi Stundenbuch (1899-1903, Littafi na kwana daya, bayan da Buch der Bilder (1898-1906, hoto littafi ne publishes Neue Gedichte (1907-08, sabon poems da novel Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910, Notebooks na Malte Laurids Brigge, abin da kuka ji tunkuye su samu daga sabo da Rodin wajen aiki cikin ayyukansu duka suka tsananta musu k'warai da hak'uri. A cikin wannan Yana kiwon garkensa conception recognizable su taru a kai a kai da fuzzy laushi da sentimental da shahararrun ballad a prose (3) kuma Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke (1899-1906, romance k'aunar da mutuwar Bishop Christopher Rilke da kusa da Rilke wani phenomenological Muhimman jigogin. Kashegari aikin safiyon ganin wani accentuation na opera a birane gaban mutuwa da rai. Daga lokacin nan ne Duineser Elegien (elegies na Duino, fara Duino a 1912, an kammala a Muzot a 1922, da Sonette wani Orpheus (sonnets na Orpheus, gidaje da k'irin a 1922, tsawon poems walk'iyoyi bayanin abubuwa da siffofin nagarin lyricism. Bayan da 1923 Rilke hurta kusan duk da poems a Faransanci da suka taru a Vergers (1926, Verzieri. Da lyrical Rilke, pregna da darajar aukaka da rai da yake yi biki a baiwa sosai a kashe shi, yana bisa zarginsa da waka ba da ashirin k'arni na 12, ko da ya ke k'wararan ayyukan al'adu na Turai ke aikata wani wuri, a makaranta neopositivistica psychoanalytical da Vienna da Berlin, ko ma a Dublin. Bayan Yak'in Duniya Na Biyu ya yi tunani da wasu ya zama "Heidegger Yana kiwon garkensa", amma da hukumomin an kambinsa yadda metaphysics, "prefascista", ko da yake da harshen da aka kai daga mawakan daban-daban, da Fr. Celan. Sa'an nan kuma Ubangjinsa da darasi na Rilke aka tara da artists da adar wasu k'abilun daban-daban, da Amirka sunan R. Jarrel da czech) Holan da aka yi k'ok'arin da fassarar Rilke a husserliana mabud'i. Game da novel Malte Laurids Brigge, ya gane mai daraja a' " da ashirin k'arni na 12, wanda ya karye da kissoshin epic da xix k'arni na 12, da lokacin dad'ewarsu, wucewa a diary da assay, umurci batun, da alienation.
Abin da
Babban su binciko a rai da conceptions na Rilke ne, bayan da Florenzer Tagebuch (1898, Florentine diary, da littattafan Yadda kika bi L. Andreas-salomé da Ziyara H.sunan R. von Salis. Introvert da ne na Allahnku kullayaumin nufin Ubanku har abada, amma da fahimtar ma'anar a lashe illustrious tsaro da liyãfa incalculable mai yawan wasik'u (7 volumes da tsakanin gabaninku Gid'e da Verhaeren, Rilke ya da nagarin ikon sa Yana kiwon garkensa mawallafan kundin sakamakon mafi wakili na biyu da na baya ga da translations daga E. Browning, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Gid'e Valéry kuma wadanchan recepì literary k'asaita (Klopstock Hölderlin, philosophical da Kierkegaard zuwa Nietzsche) figurative (daga rodin zuwa Cézanne. Ga mai Yana kiwon garkensa vocation da matrix addini, Rilke ga da waka ba, da ba, sai dai alamar da za a yi wani abu uwarta. Da farko dai babbar gudunmawa lyrics na lokacin juvenile Leben und Lieder (1894, da kuma wak'ok'in bi Stundenbuch (1899-1903, Littafi na kwana daya, bayan da Buch der Bilder (1898-1906, hoto littafi ne publishes Neue Gedichte (1907-08, sabon poems da novel Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910, Notebooks na Malte Laurids Brigge, abin da kuka ji tunkuye su samu daga sabo da Rodin wajen aiki cikin ayyukansu duka suka tsananta musu k'warai da hak'uri. A cikin wannan Yana kiwon garkensa conception recognizable su taru a kai a kai da fuzzy laushi da sentimental da shahararrun ballad a prose (3) kuma Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke (1899-1906, romance k'aunar da mutuwar Bishop Christopher Rilke da kusa da Rilke wani phenomenological Muhimman jigogin. Kashegari aikin safiyon ganin wani accentuation na opera a birane gaban mutuwa da rai. Daga lokacin nan ne Duineser Elegien (elegies na Duino, fara Duino a 1912, an kammala a Muzot a 1922, da Sonette wani Orpheus (sonnets na Orpheus, gidaje da k'irin a 1922, tsawon poems walk'iyoyi bayanin abubuwa da siffofin nagarin lyricism. Bayan da 1923 Rilke hurta kusan duk da poems a Faransanci da suka taru a Vergers (1926, Verzieri. Da lyrical Rilke, pregna da darajar aukaka da rai da yake yi biki a baiwa sosai a kashe shi, yana bisa zarginsa da waka ba da ashirin k'arni na 12, ko da ya ke k'wararan ayyukan al'adu na Turai ke aikata wani wuri, a makaranta neopositivistica psychoanalytical da Vienna da Berlin, ko ma a Dublin. Bayan Yak'in Duniya Na Biyu ya yi tunani da wasu ya zama "Heidegger Yana kiwon garkensa", amma da hukumomin an kambinsa yadda metaphysics, "prefascista", ko da yake da harshen da aka kai daga mawakan daban-daban, da Fr. Celan. Sa'an nan kuma Ubangjinsa da darasi na Rilke aka tara da artists da adar wasu k'abilun daban-daban, da Amirka sunan R. Jarrel da czech) Holan da aka yi k'ok'arin da fassarar Rilke a husserliana mabud'i. Game da novel Malte Laurids Brigge, ya gane mai daraja a' " da ashirin k'arni na 12, wanda ya karye da kissoshin epic da xix k'arni na 12, da lokacin dad'ewarsu, wucewa a diary da assay, umurci batun, da alienation.
Matasa
Faransanci mawãk'i Charleville (1854 da 1891 Marseille. D'an wani shugaba na infantry suka tashi da sassafe a gida da na d'an 'ya'ya biyar, Jean-Arthur Rimbaud yana da ilimi da mahaifiyarta a rigorismo Borghese wanda bai sha tarin yawa a solitude, bijare muku kashedi, inda ka ga channelized. Yana ta karatu a makaranta da birnin, nan da nan sai ya ga precocity da masu hankali da predisposition zuwa verseggiare. Da saurayin furofesa Georges Izambard, malaminsa, abokina, Rimbaud rubuta poems uku da ba tukuna, an wallafa. Admirer da aka Hugo motsin rausayawar rassan masu halin mutuntaka simbolisti Izambard wanda ya sanar da karatu da k'auna. Rimbaud ne, ba shakka d'aya daga cikin mawallafan kundin sakamakon da mai anticipated na zamani ruhun gardama. Ruhu hanuwa, reacted zuwa yak'i da 1870 da Prussia da fad'i ta daular da empito da tayar da k'iyayya da hannu da shuni k'ungiya. Ruga zuwa Paris (biyu evasion farko, wato, don ya zauna a k'asar Belgium suka gama da ba a raba fraternal'alilan da wardens na garin. Amma ba za ta kula da ya yi tare da su. Lalle ne sympathised da yak'i, sa'an nan kuma ya je Charleville. Daga nan 15, 1871 ya rubuta wa abokinsa Démeny La Lettre du voyant (wasik'a mai gani.

Da dangantaka da Verlaine
A cikin himma da martani ga Faransanci na adabi ayansa Rimbaud shiga bin da sabon sensations da aka gano ya ce, "Na ainihi" a hidimar poetare, wannan ya kai ga sake madawwaman tilasta wa mutane rai, a kan sharadin ya bar makaranta preconceptions da shagala rayuwar duniya da academic. A cikin wannan wurarenta da aka haife ni da na farko, masterpiece Le bateau ivre (1872, jirgin ruwan, rutilanti aikata nufin zuciyarsa, fantastic looming domin presupposes da Poe da Coleridge, fiye da Baudelaire, tare da nagarin ra'ayin da yawa yana kiwon garkensa 'yanci. Da manuscript ya aika wa Verlaine, wanda ya kamar karanta gayyaci Rimbaud tafiya zuwa Paris. A cikin Faransanci jari, Rimbaud sami zumunci, contrasted irin, ya sa a bayar da Verlaine, ya sami damar su san sauran mawakan da suke tare da shi, paintings cikin shahararrun kusurwa da tebur da Fantin-Latour. Da Verlaine rahoton da ya zama hadari. Rimbaud ya bayyana cewa ya yi ta hallaka auren wani aboki wanda ya ci gaba da zama sau da matarsa da zurfi shak'u. Da abokai biyu sun taru a k'asar Belgium, Ingila, sa'an nan kuma a k'asar Belgium, inda Verlaine da hakki da nth lite (10 ga watan Yuli 1873), kuma ba su sosai da sosai, Rimbaud biyu shin wa ke da revolver. Verlaine yana kama da Rimbaud komo a gida, a cikin farmhouse na Roche, Vouziers.

Da masterpieces na arfinsa
A Vouziers Rimbaud harbi, hakika kammala Les Easter (1886, Illuminations, bajintar ya watakila ma'anar colorful Rãnar K'iyama harking, a turance ma'anar azin Yunusa, kuma Une saison en-enfer (1898, rani. Tsara ranakun yanayi shekara na bayan fage, nawa ne a tattauna a kan timeline a composition wadannan ayyuka da mai yiwuwa ne aka mayar da na biyu a karo na farko. Dukansu suna da 'ya'yan wani creative ra'ayin exceptional, sau da notion negatrice na duniya da sunan d'ansa. Idan Easter, bugawa a karo na farko, ba tare da sanin author, kusan dukkan ãyõyinsa da dai sauransu, su yi tunani, masterpiece a da hankali, ta bayyana amma da sakamakon da wahayi daban-daban da na vertices aukaka da abysses rok'ena Confessions, da azabtar da rai, ba ya haska infrequently daga shan k'waya. Les Easter ne shaidar da poem babban, na ci gaba da watakila ba su tab'a ko fiye da aka samu, ko a Saison en-enfer, masu arziki a saukar da azabtar da rai har zuwa gaba da wani ma'auni iri daban-daban, da waka ba da mafarkin da rai da halitta da elevates da mawãk'i zuwa tausasawa mulkinsa, ya ci, masu tawali'u ya dawo da dubãwa ba ga rãk'umã yadda aka halitta a k'asar, abin al'amura da wani juyin mulki ala ya so ya gaggauta ya zo. Ba saboda haka la'anci mawãk'i ba, amma madalla mawak'i mai gaskiya, divined Toccata, ba su ci nasara har abada. Rimbaud negation, abin da zai yi shiru da d'auki dangana: "moi je suis rendu au sol" exclaims, amma duk da haka ya wanda ya zagi Allah zagi k'ungiya, k'aryata Almasihu, ya ce, "Pitié. Seigneur, j'ai peur" a tunani, Yana kiwon garkensa vocation. Ya muse Rimbaud zauna da shekara ta yi adventurer. A 1874 aka a Ingila, sa'an nan ya yi tafiyar tirelessly: Batavia, Kubrus, Masar da shekaru goma a Habasha a lokacin yak'in neman mulkin mallaka. Ya oversaw ciniki ba ware shi ne saboda, da bawa, da sauran k'aryata, kuma ya sa rai dad'ewa har zuwa ga wani cutar da k'afar dama da aka amputated a Marseilles, ya rasu a cire abu mafi daga sha'anin duniya, har ya mutu nan ta da wasu kamar wani 'shshahada addini.
Arguedas, José María
Da ethnologist da Peruvian narrator (Andahuaylas, Apurimac, tum-Lima 1969. Mahaifiyarta harshe ne Quechua, da harshen da Incas, amma duk da haka, ba wani marubuci ya sami nasarar da ya nuna da Spaniyanci duniya da Indians na Peru, da ya yi da yake da duniyar whites. Da masterpiece ne autobiographical novel littattafan Larabci sun daina rã'ara wa kai girma profundos (1958, mai zurfi, koguna abin da ta evocation, yana k'arami yana tak'ama da marinjãyi attraction a jikinsu. A cikin sauran' " ayyukan Arguedas, ya rasu, masani, ku tuna, Agua (1935, ruwa, Yawar fiesta (1941, idin jini, Diamantes y pedernales (1954, demon , kuma-hazzurim, El Sexto (tun a shekarar 1961, Sexto, Todas las sangres (1964, dukan races, amor y mundo todos littattafan Larabci sun daina cuentos (1967, k'aunaci duniya da dukan labaran, El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo (posthumously shekarar 1971, kurege sama da kurege k'asa ce) Zest tofa albarkacin bakinsa,
 Narrator na Peru (1929 Lima Madrid a shekarar 1983. Tilasta bauta a regime da kangararre A. M. Odría, ya zauna a Turai da Mexico. A Peru a 1978, ya taka siyasa da yake faruwa a jam'iyyar hagu. Bayan hudu littattafan waka ba bugawa a tsakanin 1955 an da 1970, sai Ka fere shi sosai, ya kama wuce' ". A wurarensu biyar novels ta fara da Redoble para Rancas a shekarar 1971, ganga mirgino domin Rancas, kuma ya ci gaba da Historia de Garabombo el ganuwa (1972 don kaina, labarin Garabombo da ganuwa, Cantar de Agapito Robles (1977, raira Agapito Robles, El jinete insomme (1977, sleepless knight kuma fito (1980), zest ta maido harsashin zuwa 'kasa cikin sau reconstructs peruvian da gaskiya, ya mamaye shawarwari bai fice batun...da iyayya tsakanin baya da yawan jama'a da fari, ba jiki ta epic dakatar da tsakanin gaskiya da sihiri. A bayansa jarraba, tumba na relámpago (Gini 1979, kabarin walk'iya da inmóvil rawa (1981, kadarori na rawa, sun nuna kara originality, ta cigaba da harshen mafi autonomous' " da na fi k'azance da Kome rashin gatanchin mache sadakinta psychological gaskiya. Bayan mutuwarsa a sararin sama, aka wallafa wasu unpublished littattafai.

Matasa
Faransanci mawãk'i Charleville (1854 da 1891 Marseille. D'an wani shugaba na infantry suka tashi da sassafe a gida da na d'an 'ya'ya biyar, Jean-Arthur Rimbaud yana da ilimi da mahaifiyarta a rigorismo Borghese wanda bai sha tarin yawa a solitude, bijare muku kashedi, inda ka ga channelized. Yana ta karatu a makaranta da birnin, nan da nan sai ya ga precocity da masu hankali da predisposition zuwa verseggiare. Da saurayin furofesa Georges Izambard, malaminsa, abokina, Rimbaud rubuta poems uku da ba tukuna, an wallafa. Admirer da aka Hugo motsin rausayawar rassan masu halin mutuntaka simbolisti Izambard wanda ya sanar da karatu da k'auna. Rimbaud ne, ba shakka d'aya daga cikin mawallafan kundin sakamakon da mai anticipated na zamani ruhun gardama. Ruhu hanuwa, reacted zuwa yak'i da 1870 da Prussia da fad'i ta daular da empito da tayar da k'iyayya da hannu da shuni k'ungiya. Ruga zuwa Paris (biyu evasion farko, wato, don ya zauna a k'asar Belgium suka gama da ba a raba fraternal'alilan da wardens na garin. Amma ba za ta kula da ya yi tare da su. Lalle ne sympathised da yak'i, sa'an nan kuma ya je Charleville. Daga nan 15, 1871 ya rubuta wa abokinsa Démeny La Lettre du voyant (wasik'a mai gani.

Da dangantaka da Verlaine
A cikin himma da martani ga Faransanci na adabi ayansa Rimbaud shiga bin da sabon sensations da aka gano ya ce, "Na ainihi" a hidimar poetare, wannan ya kai ga sake madawwaman tilasta wa mutane rai, a kan sharadin ya bar makaranta preconceptions da shagala rayuwar duniya da academic. A cikin wannan wurarenta da aka haife ni da na farko, masterpiece Le bateau ivre (1872, jirgin ruwan, rutilanti aikata nufin zuciyarsa, fantastic looming domin presupposes da Poe da Coleridge, fiye da Baudelaire, tare da nagarin ra'ayin da yawa yana kiwon garkensa 'yanci. Da manuscript ya aika wa Verlaine, wanda ya kamar karanta gayyaci Rimbaud tafiya zuwa Paris. A cikin Faransanci jari, Rimbaud sami zumunci, contrasted irin, ya sa a bayar da Verlaine, ya sami damar su san sauran mawakan da suke tare da shi, paintings cikin shahararrun kusurwa da tebur da Fantin-Latour. Da Verlaine rahoton da ya zama hadari. Rimbaud ya bayyana cewa ya yi ta hallaka auren wani aboki wanda ya ci gaba da zama sau da matarsa da zurfi shak'u. Da abokai biyu sun taru a k'asar Belgium, Ingila, sa'an nan kuma a k'asar Belgium, inda Verlaine da hakki da nth lite (10 ga watan Yuli 1873), kuma ba su sosai da sosai, Rimbaud biyu shin wa ke da revolver. Verlaine yana kama da Rimbaud komo a gida, a cikin farmhouse na Roche, Vouziers.
Faransanci mawãk'i Charleville (1854 da 1891 Marseille. D'an wani shugaba na infantry suka tashi da sassafe a gida da na d'an 'ya'ya biyar, Jean-Arthur Rimbaud yana da ilimi da mahaifiyarta a rigorismo Borghese wanda bai sha tarin yawa a solitude, bijare muku kashedi, inda ka ga channelized. Yana ta karatu a makaranta da birnin, nan da nan sai ya ga precocity da masu hankali da predisposition zuwa verseggiare. Da saurayin furofesa Georges Izambard, malaminsa, abokina, Rimbaud rubuta poems uku da ba tukuna, an wallafa. Admirer da aka Hugo motsin rausayawar rassan masu halin mutuntaka simbolisti Izambard wanda ya sanar da karatu da k'auna. Rimbaud ne, ba shakka d'aya daga cikin mawallafan kundin sakamakon da mai anticipated na zamani ruhun gardama. Ruhu hanuwa, reacted zuwa yak'i da 1870 da Prussia da fad'i ta daular da empito da tayar da k'iyayya da hannu da shuni k'ungiya. Ruga zuwa Paris (biyu evasion farko, wato, don ya zauna a k'asar Belgium suka gama da ba a raba fraternal'alilan da wardens na garin. Amma ba za ta kula da ya yi tare da su. Lalle ne sympathised da yak'i, sa'an nan kuma ya je Charleville. Daga nan 15, 1871 ya rubuta wa abokinsa Démeny La Lettre du voyant (wasik'a mai gani.

Abin da
Babban su binciko a rai da conceptions na Rilke ne, bayan da Florenzer Tagebuch (1898, Florentine diary, da littattafan Yadda kika bi L. Andreas-salomé da Ziyara H.sunan R. von Salis. Introvert da ne na Allahnku kullayaumin nufin Ubanku har abada, amma da fahimtar ma'anar a lashe illustrious tsaro da liyãfa incalculable mai yawan wasik'u (7 volumes da tsakanin gabaninku Gid'e da Verhaeren, Rilke ya da nagarin ikon sa Yana kiwon garkensa mawallafan kundin sakamakon mafi wakili na biyu da na baya ga da translations daga E. Browning, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Gid'e Valéry kuma wadanchan recepì literary k'asaita (Klopstock Hölderlin, philosophical da Kierkegaard zuwa Nietzsche) figurative (daga rodin zuwa Cézanne. Ga mai Yana kiwon garkensa vocation da matrix addini, Rilke ga da waka ba, da ba, sai dai alamar da za a yi wani abu uwarta. Da farko dai babbar gudunmawa lyrics na lokacin juvenile Leben und Lieder (1894, da kuma wak'ok'in bi Stundenbuch (1899-1903, Littafi na kwana daya, bayan da Buch der Bilder (1898-1906, hoto littafi ne publishes Neue Gedichte (1907-08, sabon poems da novel Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910, Notebooks na Malte Laurids Brigge, abin da kuka ji tunkuye su samu daga sabo da Rodin wajen aiki cikin ayyukansu duka suka tsananta musu k'warai da hak'uri. A cikin wannan Yana kiwon garkensa conception recognizable su taru a kai a kai da fuzzy laushi da sentimental da shahararrun ballad a prose (3) kuma Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke (1899-1906, romance k'aunar da mutuwar Bishop Christopher Rilke da kusa da Rilke wani phenomenological Muhimman jigogin. Kashegari aikin safiyon ganin wani accentuation na opera a birane gaban mutuwa da rai. Daga lokacin nan ne Duineser Elegien (elegies na Duino, fara Duino a 1912, an kammala a Muzot a 1922, da Sonette wani Orpheus (sonnets na Orpheus, gidaje da k'irin a 1922, tsawon poems walk'iyoyi bayanin abubuwa da siffofin nagarin lyricism. Bayan da 1923 Rilke hurta kusan duk da poems a Faransanci da suka taru a Vergers (1926, Verzieri. Da lyrical Rilke, pregna da darajar aukaka da rai da yake yi biki a baiwa sosai a kashe shi, yana bisa zarginsa da waka ba da ashirin k'arni na 12, ko da ya ke k'wararan ayyukan al'adu na Turai ke aikata wani wuri, a makaranta neopositivistica psychoanalytical da Vienna da Berlin, ko ma a Dublin. Bayan Yak'in Duniya Na Biyu ya yi tunani da wasu ya zama "Heidegger Yana kiwon garkensa", amma da hukumomin an kambinsa yadda metaphysics, "prefascista", ko da yake da harshen da aka kai daga mawakan daban-daban, da Fr. Celan. Sa'an nan kuma Ubangjinsa da darasi na Rilke aka tara da artists da adar wasu k'abilun daban-daban, da Amirka sunan R. Jarrel da czech) Holan da aka yi k'ok'arin da fassarar Rilke a husserliana mabud'i. Game da novel Malte Laurids Brigge, ya gane mai daraja a' " da ashirin k'arni na 12, wanda ya karye da kissoshin epic da xix k'arni na 12, da lokacin dad'ewarsu, wucewa a diary da assay, umurci batun, da alienation.
Abin da
Babban su binciko a rai da conceptions na Rilke ne, bayan da Florenzer Tagebuch (1898, Florentine diary, da littattafan Yadda kika bi L. Andreas-salomé da Ziyara H.sunan R. von Salis. Introvert da ne na Allahnku kullayaumin nufin Ubanku har abada, amma da fahimtar ma'anar a lashe illustrious tsaro da liyãfa incalculable mai yawan wasik'u (7 volumes da tsakanin gabaninku Gid'e da Verhaeren, Rilke ya da nagarin ikon sa Yana kiwon garkensa mawallafan kundin sakamakon mafi wakili na biyu da na baya ga da translations daga E. Browning, Mallarmé, Verlaine, Gid'e Valéry kuma wadanchan recepì literary k'asaita (Klopstock Hölderlin, philosophical da Kierkegaard zuwa Nietzsche) figurative (daga rodin zuwa Cézanne. Ga mai Yana kiwon garkensa vocation da matrix addini, Rilke ga da waka ba, da ba, sai dai alamar da za a yi wani abu uwarta. Da farko dai babbar gudunmawa lyrics na lokacin juvenile Leben und Lieder (1894, da kuma wak'ok'in bi Stundenbuch (1899-1903, Littafi na kwana daya, bayan da Buch der Bilder (1898-1906, hoto littafi ne publishes Neue Gedichte (1907-08, sabon poems da novel Aufzeichnungen des Malte Laurids Brigge (1910, Notebooks na Malte Laurids Brigge, abin da kuka ji tunkuye su samu daga sabo da Rodin wajen aiki cikin ayyukansu duka suka tsananta musu k'warai da hak'uri. A cikin wannan Yana kiwon garkensa conception recognizable su taru a kai a kai da fuzzy laushi da sentimental da shahararrun ballad a prose (3) kuma Weise von Liebe und Tod des Cornets Christoph Rilke (1899-1906, romance k'aunar da mutuwar Bishop Christopher Rilke da kusa da Rilke wani phenomenological Muhimman jigogin. Kashegari aikin safiyon ganin wani accentuation na opera a birane gaban mutuwa da rai. Daga lokacin nan ne Duineser Elegien (elegies na Duino, fara Duino a 1912, an kammala a Muzot a 1922, da Sonette wani Orpheus (sonnets na Orpheus, gidaje da k'irin a 1922, tsawon poems walk'iyoyi bayanin abubuwa da siffofin nagarin lyricism. Bayan da 1923 Rilke hurta kusan duk da poems a Faransanci da suka taru a Vergers (1926, Verzieri. Da lyrical Rilke, pregna da darajar aukaka da rai da yake yi biki a baiwa sosai a kashe shi, yana bisa zarginsa da waka ba da ashirin k'arni na 12, ko da ya ke k'wararan ayyukan al'adu na Turai ke aikata wani wuri, a makaranta neopositivistica psychoanalytical da Vienna da Berlin, ko ma a Dublin. Bayan Yak'in Duniya Na Biyu ya yi tunani da wasu ya zama "Heidegger Yana kiwon garkensa", amma da hukumomin an kambinsa yadda metaphysics, "prefascista", ko da yake da harshen da aka kai daga mawakan daban-daban, da Fr. Celan. Sa'an nan kuma Ubangjinsa da darasi na Rilke aka tara da artists da adar wasu k'abilun daban-daban, da Amirka sunan R. Jarrel da czech) Holan da aka yi k'ok'arin da fassarar Rilke a husserliana mabud'i. Game da novel Malte Laurids Brigge, ya gane mai daraja a' " da ashirin k'arni na 12, wanda ya karye da kissoshin epic da xix k'arni na 12, da lokacin dad'ewarsu, wucewa a diary da assay, umurci batun, da alienation.
Matasa
Faransanci mawãk'i Charleville (1854 da 1891 Marseille. D'an wani shugaba na infantry suka tashi da sassafe a gida da na d'an 'ya'ya biyar, Jean-Arthur Rimbaud yana da ilimi da mahaifiyarta a rigorismo Borghese wanda bai sha tarin yawa a solitude, bijare muku kashedi, inda ka ga channelized. Yana ta karatu a makaranta da birnin, nan da nan sai ya ga precocity da masu hankali da predisposition zuwa verseggiare. Da saurayin furofesa Georges Izambard, malaminsa, abokina, Rimbaud rubuta poems uku da ba tukuna, an wallafa. Admirer da aka Hugo motsin rausayawar rassan masu halin mutuntaka simbolisti Izambard wanda ya sanar da karatu da k'auna. Rimbaud ne, ba shakka d'aya daga cikin mawallafan kundin sakamakon da mai anticipated na zamani ruhun gardama. Ruhu hanuwa, reacted zuwa yak'i da 1870 da Prussia da fad'i ta daular da empito da tayar da k'iyayya da hannu da shuni k'ungiya. Ruga zuwa Paris (biyu evasion farko, wato, don ya zauna a k'asar Belgium suka gama da ba a raba fraternal'alilan da wardens na garin. Amma ba za ta kula da ya yi tare da su. Lalle ne sympathised da yak'i, sa'an nan kuma ya je Charleville. Daga nan 15, 1871 ya rubuta wa abokinsa Démeny La Lettre du voyant (wasik'a mai gani.

Da dangantaka da Verlaine
A cikin himma da martani ga Faransanci na adabi ayansa Rimbaud shiga bin da sabon sensations da aka gano ya ce, "Na ainihi" a hidimar poetare, wannan ya kai ga sake madawwaman tilasta wa mutane rai, a kan sharadin ya bar makaranta preconceptions da shagala rayuwar duniya da academic. A cikin wannan wurarenta da aka haife ni da na farko, masterpiece Le bateau ivre (1872, jirgin ruwan, rutilanti aikata nufin zuciyarsa, fantastic looming domin presupposes da Poe da Coleridge, fiye da Baudelaire, tare da nagarin ra'ayin da yawa yana kiwon garkensa 'yanci. Da manuscript ya aika wa Verlaine, wanda ya kamar karanta gayyaci Rimbaud tafiya zuwa Paris. A cikin Faransanci jari, Rimbaud sami zumunci, contrasted irin, ya sa a bayar da Verlaine, ya sami damar su san sauran mawakan da suke tare da shi, paintings cikin shahararrun kusurwa da tebur da Fantin-Latour. Da Verlaine rahoton da ya zama hadari. Rimbaud ya bayyana cewa ya yi ta hallaka auren wani aboki wanda ya ci gaba da zama sau da matarsa da zurfi shak'u. Da abokai biyu sun taru a k'asar Belgium, Ingila, sa'an nan kuma a k'asar Belgium, inda Verlaine da hakki da nth lite (10 ga watan Yuli 1873), kuma ba su sosai da sosai, Rimbaud biyu shin wa ke da revolver. Verlaine yana kama da Rimbaud komo a gida, a cikin farmhouse na Roche, Vouziers.

Da masterpieces na arfinsa
A Vouziers Rimbaud harbi, hakika kammala Les Easter (1886, Illuminations, bajintar ya watakila ma'anar colorful Rãnar K'iyama harking, a turance ma'anar azin Yunusa, kuma Une saison en-enfer (1898, rani. Tsara ranakun yanayi shekara na bayan fage, nawa ne a tattauna a kan timeline a composition wadannan ayyuka da mai yiwuwa ne aka mayar da na biyu a karo na farko. Dukansu suna da 'ya'yan wani creative ra'ayin exceptional, sau da notion negatrice na duniya da sunan d'ansa. Idan Easter, bugawa a karo na farko, ba tare da sanin author, kusan dukkan ãyõyinsa da dai sauransu, su yi tunani, masterpiece a da hankali, ta bayyana amma da sakamakon da wahayi daban-daban da na vertices aukaka da abysses rok'ena Confessions, da azabtar da rai, ba ya haska infrequently daga shan k'waya. Les Easter ne shaidar da poem babban, na ci gaba da watakila ba su tab'a ko fiye da aka samu, ko a Saison en-enfer, masu arziki a saukar da azabtar da rai har zuwa gaba da wani ma'auni iri daban-daban, da waka ba da mafarkin da rai da halitta da elevates da mawãk'i zuwa tausasawa mulkinsa, ya ci, masu tawali'u ya dawo da dubãwa ba ga rãk'umã yadda aka halitta a k'asar, abin al'amura da wani juyin mulki ala ya so ya gaggauta ya zo. Ba saboda haka la'anci mawãk'i ba, amma madalla mawak'i mai gaskiya, divined Toccata, ba su ci nasara har abada. Rimbaud negation, abin da zai yi shiru da d'auki dangana: "moi je suis rendu au sol" exclaims, amma duk da haka ya wanda ya zagi Allah zagi k'ungiya, k'aryata Almasihu, ya ce, "Pitié. Seigneur, j'ai peur" a tunani, Yana kiwon garkensa vocation. Ya muse Rimbaud zauna da shekara ta yi adventurer. A 1874 aka a Ingila, sa'an nan ya yi tafiyar tirelessly: Batavia, Kubrus, Masar da shekaru goma a Habasha a lokacin yak'in neman mulkin mallaka. Ya oversaw ciniki ba ware shi ne saboda, da bawa, da sauran k'aryata, kuma ya sa rai dad'ewa har zuwa ga wani cutar da k'afar dama da aka amputated a Marseilles, ya rasu a cire abu mafi daga sha'anin duniya, har ya mutu nan ta da wasu kamar wani 'shshahada addini.
Arguedas, José María
Da ethnologist da Peruvian narrator (Andahuaylas, Apurimac, tum-Lima 1969. Mahaifiyarta harshe ne Quechua, da harshen da Incas, amma duk da haka, ba wani marubuci ya sami nasarar da ya nuna da Spaniyanci duniya da Indians na Peru, da ya yi da yake da duniyar whites. Da masterpiece ne autobiographical novel littattafan Larabci sun daina rã'ara wa kai girma profundos (1958, mai zurfi, koguna abin da ta evocation, yana k'arami yana tak'ama da marinjãyi attraction a jikinsu. A cikin sauran' " ayyukan Arguedas, ya rasu, masani, ku tuna, Agua (1935, ruwa, Yawar fiesta (1941, idin jini, Diamantes y pedernales (1954, demon , kuma-hazzurim, El Sexto (tun a shekarar 1961, Sexto, Todas las sangres (1964, dukan races, amor y mundo todos littattafan Larabci sun daina cuentos (1967, k'aunaci duniya da dukan labaran, El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo (posthumously shekarar 1971, kurege sama da kurege k'asa ce) Zest tofa albarkacin bakinsa,
 Narrator na Peru (1929 Lima Madrid a shekarar 1983. Tilasta bauta a regime da kangararre A. M. Odría, ya zauna a Turai da Mexico. A Peru a 1978, ya taka siyasa da yake faruwa a jam'iyyar hagu. Bayan hudu littattafan waka ba bugawa a tsakanin 1955 an da 1970, sai Ka fere shi sosai, ya kama wuce' ". A wurarensu biyar novels ta fara da Redoble para Rancas a shekarar 1971, ganga mirgino domin Rancas, kuma ya ci gaba da Historia de Garabombo el ganuwa (1972 don kaina, labarin Garabombo da ganuwa, Cantar de Agapito Robles (1977, raira Agapito Robles, El jinete insomme (1977, sleepless knight kuma fito (1980), zest ta maido harsashin zuwa 'kasa cikin sau reconstructs peruvian da gaskiya, ya mamaye shawarwari bai fice batun...da iyayya tsakanin baya da yawan jama'a da fari, ba jiki ta epic dakatar da tsakanin gaskiya da sihiri. A bayansa jarraba, tumba na relámpago (Gini 1979, kabarin walk'iya da inmóvil rawa (1981, kadarori na rawa, sun nuna kara originality, ta cigaba da harshen mafi autonomous' " da na fi k'azance da Kome rashin gatanchin mache sadakinta psychological gaskiya. Bayan mutuwarsa a sararin sama, aka wallafa wasu unpublished littattafai.

Matasa
Faransanci mawãk'i Charleville (1854 da 1891 Marseille. D'an wani shugaba na infantry suka tashi da sassafe a gida da na d'an 'ya'ya biyar, Jean-Arthur Rimbaud yana da ilimi da mahaifiyarta a rigorismo Borghese wanda bai sha tarin yawa a solitude, bijare muku kashedi, inda ka ga channelized. Yana ta karatu a makaranta da birnin, nan da nan sai ya ga precocity da masu hankali da predisposition zuwa verseggiare. Da saurayin furofesa Georges Izambard, malaminsa, abokina, Rimbaud rubuta poems uku da ba tukuna, an wallafa. Admirer da aka Hugo motsin rausayawar rassan masu halin mutuntaka simbolisti Izambard wanda ya sanar da karatu da k'auna. Rimbaud ne, ba shakka d'aya daga cikin mawallafan kundin sakamakon da mai anticipated na zamani ruhun gardama. Ruhu hanuwa, reacted zuwa yak'i da 1870 da Prussia da fad'i ta daular da empito da tayar da k'iyayya da hannu da shuni k'ungiya. Ruga zuwa Paris (biyu evasion farko, wato, don ya zauna a k'asar Belgium suka gama da ba a raba fraternal'alilan da wardens na garin. Amma ba za ta kula da ya yi tare da su. Lalle ne sympathised da yak'i, sa'an nan kuma ya je Charleville. Daga nan 15, 1871 ya rubuta wa abokinsa Démeny La Lettre du voyant (wasik'a mai gani.

Da dangantaka da Verlaine
A cikin himma da martani ga Faransanci na adabi ayansa Rimbaud shiga bin da sabon sensations da aka gano ya ce, "Na ainihi" a hidimar poetare, wannan ya kai ga sake madawwaman tilasta wa mutane rai, a kan sharadin ya bar makaranta preconceptions da shagala rayuwar duniya da academic. A cikin wannan wurarenta da aka haife ni da na farko, masterpiece Le bateau ivre (1872, jirgin ruwan, rutilanti aikata nufin zuciyarsa, fantastic looming domin presupposes da Poe da Coleridge, fiye da Baudelaire, tare da nagarin ra'ayin da yawa yana kiwon garkensa 'yanci. Da manuscript ya aika wa Verlaine, wanda ya kamar karanta gayyaci Rimbaud tafiya zuwa Paris. A cikin Faransanci jari, Rimbaud sami zumunci, contrasted irin, ya sa a bayar da Verlaine, ya sami damar su san sauran mawakan da suke tare da shi, paintings cikin shahararrun kusurwa da tebur da Fantin-Latour. Da Verlaine rahoton da ya zama hadari. Rimbaud ya bayyana cewa ya yi ta hallaka auren wani aboki wanda ya ci gaba da zama sau da matarsa da zurfi shak'u. Da abokai biyu sun taru a k'asar Belgium, Ingila, sa'an nan kuma a k'asar Belgium, inda Verlaine da hakki da nth lite (10 ga watan Yuli 1873), kuma ba su sosai da sosai, Rimbaud biyu shin wa ke da revolver. Verlaine yana kama da Rimbaud komo a gida, a cikin farmhouse na Roche, Vouziers.


Da masterpieces na arfinsa
A Vouziers Rimbaud harbi, hakika kammala Les Easter (1886, Illuminations, bajintar ya watakila ma'anar colorful Rãnar K'iyama harking, a turance ma'anar azin Yunusa, kuma Une saison en-enfer (1898, rani. Tsara ranakun yanayi shekara na bayan fage, nawa ne a tattauna a kan timeline a composition wadannan ayyuka da mai yiwuwa ne aka mayar da na biyu a karo na farko. Dukansu suna da 'ya'yan wani creative ra'ayin exceptional, sau da notion negatrice na duniya da sunan d'ansa. Idan Easter, bugawa a karo na farko, ba tare da sanin author, kusan dukkan ãyõyinsa da dai sauransu, su yi tunani, masterpiece a da hankali, ta bayyana amma da sakamakon da wahayi daban-daban da na vertices aukaka da abysses rok'ena Confessions, da azabtar da rai, ba ya haska infrequently daga shan k'waya. Les Easter ne shaidar da poem babban, na ci gaba da watakila ba su tab'a ko fiye da aka samu, ko a Saison en-enfer, masu arziki a saukar da azabtar da rai har zuwa gaba da wani ma'auni iri daban-daban, da waka ba da mafarkin da rai da halitta da elevates da mawãk'i zuwa tausasawa mulkinsa, ya ci, masu tawali'u ya dawo da dubãwa ba ga rãk'umã yadda aka halitta a k'asar, abin al'amura da wani juyin mulki ala ya so ya gaggauta ya zo. Ba saboda haka la'anci mawãk'i ba, amma madalla mawak'i mai gaskiya, divined Toccata, ba su ci nasara har abada. Rimbaud negation, abin da zai yi shiru da d'auki dangana: "moi je suis rendu au sol" exclaims, amma duk da haka ya wanda ya zagi Allah zagi k'ungiya, k'aryata Almasihu, ya ce, "Pitié. Seigneur, j'ai peur" a tunani, Yana kiwon garkensa vocation. Ya muse Rimbaud zauna da shekara ta yi adventurer. A 1874 aka a Ingila, sa'an nan ya yi tafiyar tirelessly: Batavia, Kubrus, Masar da shekaru goma a Habasha a lokacin yak'in neman mulkin mallaka. Ya oversaw ciniki ba ware shi ne saboda, da bawa, da sauran k'aryata, kuma ya sa rai dad'ewa har zuwa ga wani cutar da k'afar dama da aka amputated a Marseilles, ya rasu a cire abu mafi daga sha'anin duniya, har ya mutu nan ta da wasu kamar wani 'shshahada addini.
Arguedas, José María
Da ethnologist da Peruvian narrator (Andahuaylas, Apurimac, tum-Lima 1969. Mahaifiyarta harshe ne Quechua, da harshen da Incas, amma duk da haka, ba wani marubuci ya sami nasarar da ya nuna da Spaniyanci duniya da Indians na Peru, da ya yi da yake da duniyar whites. Da masterpiece ne autobiographical novel littattafan Larabci sun daina rã'ara wa kai girma profundos (1958, mai zurfi, koguna abin da ta evocation, yana k'arami yana tak'ama da marinjãyi attraction a jikinsu. A cikin sauran' " ayyukan Arguedas, ya rasu, masani, ku tuna, Agua (1935, ruwa, Yawar fiesta (1941, idin jini, Diamantes y pedernales (1954, demon , kuma-hazzurim, El Sexto (tun a shekarar 1961, Sexto, Todas las sangres (1964, dukan races, amor y mundo todos littattafan Larabci sun daina cuentos (1967, k'aunaci duniya da dukan labaran, El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo (posthumously shekarar 1971, kurege sama da kurege k'asa ce) Zest tofa albarkacin bakinsa,
 Narrator na Peru (1929 Lima Madrid a shekarar 1983. Tilasta bauta a regime da kangararre A. M. Odría, ya zauna a Turai da Mexico. A Peru a 1978, ya taka siyasa da yake faruwa a jam'iyyar hagu. Bayan hudu littattafan waka ba bugawa a tsakanin 1955 an da 1970, sai Ka fere shi sosai, ya kama wuce' ". A wurarensu biyar novels ta fara da Redoble para Rancas a shekarar 1971, ganga mirgino domin Rancas, kuma ya ci gaba da Historia de Garabombo el ganuwa (1972 don kaina, labarin Garabombo da ganuwa, Cantar de Agapito Robles (1977, raira Agapito Robles, El jinete insomme (1977, sleepless knight kuma fito (1980), zest ta maido harsashin zuwa 'kasa cikin sau reconstructs peruvian da gaskiya, ya mamaye shawarwari bai fice batun...da iyayya tsakanin baya da yawan jama'a da fari, ba jiki ta epic dakatar da tsakanin gaskiya da sihiri. A bayansa jarraba, tumba na relámpago (Gini 1979, kabarin walk'iya da inmóvil rawa (1981, kadarori na rawa, sun nuna kara originality, ta cigaba da harshen mafi autonomous' " da na fi k'azance da Kome rashin gatanchin mache sadakinta psychological gaskiya. Bayan mutuwarsa a sararin sama, aka wallafa wasu unpublished littattafai.

Da dangantaka da Verlaine
A cikin himma da martani ga Faransanci na adabi ayansa Rimbaud shiga bin da sabon sensations da aka gano ya ce, "Na ainihi" a hidimar poetare, wannan ya kai ga sake madawwaman tilasta wa mutane rai, a kan sharadin ya bar makaranta preconceptions da shagala rayuwar duniya da academic. A cikin wannan wurarenta da aka haife ni da na farko, masterpiece Le bateau ivre (1872, jirgin ruwan, rutilanti aikata nufin zuciyarsa, fantastic looming domin presupposes da Poe da Coleridge, fiye da Baudelaire, tare da nagarin ra'ayin da yawa yana kiwon garkensa 'yanci. Da manuscript ya aika wa Verlaine, wanda ya kamar karanta gayyaci Rimbaud tafiya zuwa Paris. A cikin Faransanci jari, Rimbaud sami zumunci, contrasted irin, ya sa a bayar da Verlaine, ya sami damar su san sauran mawakan da suke tare da shi, paintings cikin shahararrun kusurwa da tebur da Fantin-Latour. Da Verlaine rahoton da ya zama hadari. Rimbaud ya bayyana cewa ya yi ta hallaka auren wani aboki wanda ya ci gaba da zama sau da matarsa da zurfi shak'u. Da abokai biyu sun taru a k'asar Belgium, Ingila, sa'an nan kuma a k'asar Belgium, inda Verlaine da hakki da nth lite (10 ga watan Yuli 1873), kuma ba su sosai da sosai, Rimbaud biyu shin wa ke da revolver. Verlaine yana kama da Rimbaud komo a gida, a cikin farmhouse na Roche, Vouziers.

Da masterpieces na arfinsa
A Vouziers Rimbaud harbi, hakika kammala Les Easter (1886, Illuminations, bajintar ya watakila ma'anar colorful Rãnar K'iyama harking, a turance ma'anar azin Yunusa, kuma Une saison en-enfer (1898, rani. Tsara ranakun yanayi shekara na bayan fage, nawa ne a tattauna a kan timeline a composition wadannan ayyuka da mai yiwuwa ne aka mayar da na biyu a karo na farko. Dukansu suna da 'ya'yan wani creative ra'ayin exceptional, sau da notion negatrice na duniya da sunan d'ansa. Idan Easter, bugawa a karo na farko, ba tare da sanin author, kusan dukkan ãyõyinsa da dai sauransu, su yi tunani, masterpiece a da hankali, ta bayyana amma da sakamakon da wahayi daban-daban da na vertices aukaka da abysses rok'ena Confessions, da azabtar da rai, ba ya haska infrequently daga shan k'waya. Les Easter ne shaidar da poem babban, na ci gaba da watakila ba su tab'a ko fiye da aka samu, ko a Saison en-enfer, masu arziki a saukar da azabtar da rai har zuwa gaba da wani ma'auni iri daban-daban, da waka ba da mafarkin da rai da halitta da elevates da mawãk'i zuwa tausasawa mulkinsa, ya ci, masu tawali'u ya dawo da dubãwa ba ga rãk'umã yadda aka halitta a k'asar, abin al'amura da wani juyin mulki ala ya so ya gaggauta ya zo. Ba saboda haka la'anci mawãk'i ba, amma madalla mawak'i mai gaskiya, divined Toccata, ba su ci nasara har abada. Rimbaud negation, abin da zai yi shiru da d'auki dangana: "moi je suis rendu au sol" exclaims, amma duk da haka ya wanda ya zagi Allah zagi k'ungiya, k'aryata Almasihu, ya ce, "Pitié. Seigneur, j'ai peur" a tunani, Yana kiwon garkensa vocation. Ya muse Rimbaud zauna da shekara ta yi adventurer. A 1874 aka a Ingila, sa'an nan ya yi tafiyar tirelessly: Batavia, Kubrus, Masar da shekaru goma a Habasha a lokacin yak'in neman mulkin mallaka. Ya oversaw ciniki ba ware shi ne saboda, da bawa, da sauran k'aryata, kuma ya sa rai dad'ewa har zuwa ga wani cutar da k'afar dama da aka amputated a Marseilles, ya rasu a cire abu mafi daga sha'anin duniya, har ya mutu nan ta da wasu kamar wani 'shshahada addini.
Arguedas, José María
Da ethnologist da Peruvian narrator (Andahuaylas, Apurimac, tum-Lima 1969. Mahaifiyarta harshe ne Quechua, da harshen da Incas, amma duk da haka, ba wani marubuci ya sami nasarar da ya nuna da Spaniyanci duniya da Indians na Peru, da ya yi da yake da duniyar whites. Da masterpiece ne autobiographical novel littattafan Larabci sun daina rã'ara wa kai girma profundos (1958, mai zurfi, koguna abin da ta evocation, yana k'arami yana tak'ama da marinjãyi attraction a jikinsu. A cikin sauran' " ayyukan Arguedas, ya rasu, masani, ku tuna, Agua (1935, ruwa, Yawar fiesta (1941, idin jini, Diamantes y pedernales (1954, demon , kuma-hazzurim, El Sexto (tun a shekarar 1961, Sexto, Todas las sangres (1964, dukan races, amor y mundo todos littattafan Larabci sun daina cuentos (1967, k'aunaci duniya da dukan labaran, El zorro de arriba y el zorro de abajo (posthumously shekarar 1971, kurege sama da kurege k'asa ce) Zest tofa albarkacin bakinsa,
 Narrator na Peru (1929 Lima Madrid a shekarar 1983. Tilasta bauta a regime da kangararre A. M. Odría, ya zauna a Turai da Mexico. A Peru a 1978, ya taka siyasa da yake faruwa a jam'iyyar hagu. Bayan hudu littattafan waka ba bugawa a tsakanin 1955 an da 1970, sai Ka fere shi sosai, ya kama wuce' ". A wurarensu biyar novels ta fara da Redoble para Rancas a shekarar 1971, ganga mirgino domin Rancas, kuma ya ci gaba da Historia de Garabombo el ganuwa (1972 don kaina, labarin Garabombo da ganuwa, Cantar de Agapito Robles (1977, raira Agapito Robles, El jinete insomme (1977, sleepless knight kuma fito (1980), zest ta maido harsashin zuwa 'kasa cikin sau reconstructs peruvian da gaskiya, ya mamaye shawarwari bai fice batun...da iyayya tsakanin baya da yawan jama'a da fari, ba jiki ta epic dakatar da tsakanin gaskiya da sihiri. A bayansa jarraba, tumba na relámpago (Gini 1979, kabarin walk'iya da inmóvil rawa (1981, kadarori na rawa, sun nuna kara originality, ta cigaba da harshen mafi autonomous' " da na fi k'azance da Kome rashin gatanchin mache sadakinta psychological gaskiya. Bayan mutuwarsa a sararin sama, aka wallafa wasu unpublished littattafai.